Review
Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Etiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention
Chu-Yun Xing1,2,#, Hong-Yi Xin3.4.,#, Qiang Xin1,5,#, Yan-Hua Xu2, Hong-Wu Xin5,6,✉, Xi-He Zhang3,4, ✉, Xiu-Lan Su7,✉, Xiao-Yan Wang 3,4,✉
1. Graduate School for Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region 010110, China. 2. Department of Oncology, the Second Clinical Medical College of Yangtze University, Jing-Zhou, Hubei 434000, China. 3. The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People’s Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong 524400, China. 4. The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People’s Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 524400, China. 5. Laboratory of Oncology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jing-Zhou, Hubei 434000, China. 6. Research Centre of Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region 024000, China. 7. Clinical Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China.
#，Authors contributed equally ✉ Correspondence Xiao-Yan Wang, The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, email: [email protected]. Xiu-Lan Su, Clinical Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China. [email protected]. Xi-He Zhang, The Doctoral Scientific Research Center, People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Guangdong Medical University, email: [email protected]. Tel: +86 19126491230. Hong-Wu Xin, Laboratory of Oncology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jing-Zhou, Hubei 434000, China, [email protected]. Received: June 24, 2022; Accepted: September 29, 2022; Published online: October 31, 2022. Cite this paper: Chu-Yun Xing, Hong-Yi Xin, Qiang Xin, Yan-Hua Xu, Hong-Wu Xin, Xi-He Zhang, Xiu-Lan Su, Xiao-Yan Wang (2022). Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): etiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Global Journal of Microbiology, 3(1):21-38. http://naturescholars.com/gjmic.030103. https://doi.org/10.46633/gjmic.030103. Copyright© 2022 by Scholars Publishing, LLC.
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which has currently become a global concern with low mortality and high morbidity. It poses a huge threat to human health and social economy all over the world. While the current understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis is significant, a better understanding of the infection and efficacious treatment and prevention strategies for COVID-19 is particularly important. In this paper, we reviewed the literature on the etiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19, and collected and summarized the various human invasions of coronaviruses in recent years, including their cellular receptors and accessory receptors for entering human cells. The review offered important insights for the understanding of the coronavirus life cycle to prevent and control coronavirus outbreaks.
Key words: COVID-19, Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control, Vaccines.