Review
Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of COVID-19: A Pandemic Novel Coronavirus Disease
Paudel Adhikari Namita1, 2,*, Bhusal Bhattarai Januka3, 4,* ,✉, Adhikari Subash2, 5
1Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; 3Yangtze University, School of Medicine, Jingzhou,Hubei, China; 4Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei, China; 5Department of Microbiology, Janapriya Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal.
* These authors contributed equally., Correspondence Bhusal Bhattarai Januka, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Central Hospital of Jingzhou, College of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze university, Jingzhou city, Hubei-Province, PR China . Email: [email protected]. Telephone number: 15272324894. Received: July 2, 2020. Accepted: December 2, 2020. Published online: December 26, 2020. Cite this paper: Paudel Adhikari Namita, Bhusal Bhattarai Januka, Adhikari Subash. (2020) Epidemiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19: a pandemic novel coronavirus disease. Global Journal of Immunology, 1(1): 32-38. https://naturescholars.com/gji.010106. https://doi.org/10.46633/gji.010106. Copyright © 2020 by Scholars Publishing, LLC.
Abstract
COVID-19 is being an emerging public health issue, and WHO has already declared a pandemic with very high risk at a global level. This mini-review summarizes the information regarding the virology of the etiological agent, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and lab diagnosis from recent papers as well as situation reports of WHO. The chronological incidence of COVID-19 revealed that infections and death cases are rapidly increasing in all regions of WHO. Both local transmission and imported cases are reported in the global scenario. Reduction of person to person contact, traveling, and gathering is the best way to control the current pandemic situation as specific vaccines and antiviral drugs are not available for prophylaxis and treatment, respectively. To combat the underlying serious global health problem caused by COVID-19, a controlling framework in the joint effort is essential following the WHO guidelines at the global and regional levels.
Key words: COVID-19; Coronavirus; Epidemiology; Pathogenesis; WHO; Pandemic.