Review
Oncolytic Engineering and Clinical Trials of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Rui-Rui Dong1,* and Wei Xu2,*,✉
1Department of Medicine, Yangtze University,Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China; 2Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China.
* These authors contributed equally. ✉ Correspondence Wei Xu, Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China. Email: [email protected]. Telephone number: 18972161919. Received: September 21, 2020. Accepted: November 9, 2020. Published online: November 20, 2020. Cite this paper: Rui-Rui Dong and Wei Xu (2021) Oncolytic Engineering and Clinical Trials of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1. Global Journal of Imaging and Interventional Medicine, 2(1): 1-11. https://naturescholars.com/gjiim.020101. https://doi.org/10.46633/gjiim.020101. Copyright © 2021 by Scholars Publishing, LLC.
Abstract
Malignant tumors have great harm to human health. Oncolytic engineering of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can have the specific targeted effect on malignant tumors with minimal side effects, making it a new hot spot in tumor research. Currently, oncolytic HSV-1 (oHSV-1) is one of the most widely and deeply studied oncolytic viruses. It mainly reduces the side effect of the virus by modifying its viral genes, prevents the oncolytic virus being cleared by the immune system and successfully reaches host cells, and enhances the replication and oncolytic effect of the virus in host cells. Now, clinical and experimental studies are mainly conducted to deliver oHSV-1 into tumors by intra-tumor injection of the viral drugs under the guidance of ultrasound, CT or MRI and other imaging devices. Imaging methods can also be used for oHSV-1 drug delivery detection and accurate diagnosis of solid tumors using oHSV-1. This article reviews and summarizes the basic methods of the engineering of oHSV-1 and its application in clinical trials, as well as some of the problems currently exist.
Keywords: Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1); Oncolytic Virus (OV); Tumor Treatment; Precision Imaging and Radiotherapy.